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BIO 304 . Human Anatomy & Physiology . American River College

Skeletal Muscle Microanatomy

Module 6 . Muscular System

From whole muscle down to the sarcomere: the structural ladder of contractile tissue. Watch the video, then complete the retrieval check below to unlock your spaced-recall cards.

How to use this sheet Toggle the toolbar above. Notes prints the full reference for review. Study prints as a fill-in-the-blank worksheet, print it, then write each definition while you watch the video or read your book. Quiz me is on-screen typing practice; type the term, click Reveal to check yourself.

Open spaced recall

By the end
  1. Trace the connective tissue hierarchy from epimysium down to a single myofibril.
  2. Label every band, line, and zone of the sarcomere and state which filament dominates each.
  3. Identify T-tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum and explain why they sit where they sit.

Structural hierarchy (big to small)

  • Whole muscleWrapped in epimysium (dense irregular CT).
  • FascicleBundle of muscle fibers wrapped in perimysium.
  • Muscle fiber (cell)Single multinucleate cell wrapped in endomysium. · Plasma membrane = sarcolemma. Cytoplasm = sarcoplasm.
  • MyofibrilRod-shaped contractile organelle inside the fiber. Hundreds per fiber.
  • SarcomereFunctional unit. Z-line to Z-line. Hundreds end-to-end down each myofibril.

The sarcomere

  • Z-lineSarcomere boundary. Thin filaments anchor here.
  • I bandThin filaments only (light under microscopy). Shortens during contraction.
  • A bandFull length of thick filament (dark band). Width never changes during contraction.
  • H zoneThick filaments only, no overlap. Shortens during contraction.
  • M lineCenter of sarcomere. Thick filaments anchor here.

Excitation machinery

  • T-tubulesInvaginations of sarcolemma. Carry the action potential deep into the fiber.
  • Sarcoplasmic reticulumSmooth ER specialized for Ca2+ storage. Releases Ca2+ when the T-tubule signal arrives.
Dr. Sharilyn Rennie BIO 304 . Module 6 . Muscular System