Human A&PBIO 304 · American River College ← Week 3 pre-work

BIO 304 · Week 3 · Interactive Workbook

Bone Tissue & Bone Growth

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Part 1 of 4 · Recall

Fill in the blanks

Type the term that completes each statement. Use the word bank; pull it from memory first.

Word bank

osteoblastosteoclastosteocytecollagenhydroxyapatiteosteoncentral canallacunaecanaliculitrabeculaered marrowintramembranousendochondralepiphyseal plateappositionalPTHcalcitoninvitamin D

  1. The bone-building cell that secretes osteoid is the .
  2. The large cell that breaks bone down and releases calcium is the .
  3. A mature bone cell trapped in a lacuna is an .
  4. The organic matrix is mostly fibers, giving bone flexibility.
  5. The mineral gives bone its hardness.
  6. The structural unit of compact bone is the .
  7. Vessels run through the of each osteon.
  8. Osteocytes sit in and connect through .
  9. Spongy bone is a lattice of that houses .
  10. Flat skull bones form by ossification; most bones by ossification.
  11. Bones lengthen at the and widen by growth.
  12. Low blood calcium triggers ; high blood calcium triggers ; the gut needs to absorb calcium.

Define it: high-yield vocabulary

Write a clear definition in your own words for each term.

    Part 2 of 4 · Anatomy lab

    Draw and label

    Box A. Long bone, gross anatomy

    Directions

    1. Draw a long bone in side view: bulged ends, slim shaft.
    2. Mark diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis, and the epiphyseal plate.
    3. Show the medullary cavity, compact bone, spongy bone, periosteum, endosteum, and articular cartilage.
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    Box B. Osteon, close-up

    Directions

    1. Draw one osteon: concentric lamellae around a central canal.
    2. Add lacunae (with osteocytes) and connecting canaliculi.
    3. Add a perforating (Volkmann) canal crossing between osteons.
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    Structures to label

    Label each on your drawing.

    1. Diaphysis
    2. Epiphysis
    3. Metaphysis
    4. Epiphyseal plate
    5. Medullary cavity
    6. Compact bone
    7. Spongy bone
    8. Periosteum
    9. Endosteum
    10. Articular cartilage
    11. Osteon
    12. Concentric lamellae
    13. Central canal
    14. Osteocyte
    15. Lacuna
    16. Canaliculus
    17. Perforating (Volkmann) canal

    Part 3 of 4 · Physiology lab

    Reason it through

    A. Match the cell to its action

    1. Lays down new bone matrix.
    2. Resorbs old bone, releasing calcium.
    3. Maintains bone from within a lacuna and senses stress.
    4. Becomes a new bone-building cell after injury.

    B. Synthesis

    1. A teen fractures the femur's epiphyseal plate. Predict the long-term consequence and the mechanism.
    2. In osteoporosis, which cell is over-active relative to the others, and why does bone thin over time?
    3. Blood calcium drops. Describe the feedback loop back to set point: hormone, cell, result.

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